The compactability of concrete is measured using the compaction factor test, which is an important feature of workability. The compaction factor is the weight difference between partially compacted and fully compacted concrete. The compacting factor test was established in the United Kingdom and documented in BS 1881-103: 1993. It is suitable for aggregate sizes up … Read more
The slump test of concrete is a laboratory or field test that is used to determine the workability of concrete. The slump test is simply a measure of the wetness or consistency of the concrete mix. Apparatus Used in Concrete Slump Test The equipment or apparatus used to test the concrete slump is quite simple. … Read more
Concrete Admixtures are elements added to concrete mix before or during mixing to improve various properties in the fresh or hardened form, in addition to the three main elements of cement concrete (cement, aggregate and water). The most commonly changed properties due to the use of admixtures in concrete are rate of hydration or setting time, … Read more
‘Concrete Rheology’ or ‘Rheology of Concrete’ is the study of how matter flows and deforms, and it describes how force, deformation and time interact with each other. The word ‘rheology‘ comes from the Greek word “rheos,” which means “to flow.” From gases to solids, concrete rheology can be used to any substance. The deformation of hardened concrete, … Read more
The term ‘Masonry’ refers to the art of constructing structures out of stone or bricks. Stone masonry is a building technique in which stones are used instead of bricks as the primary building material. Let us learn more about this construction method in depth. Principles of Stone Masonry Construction Cement mortar or lime mortar are … Read more
Grout is a fluid-consistency cement mortar used to fill voids and joints in masonry and to repair cracks. Grouting is the process of injecting liquids, mixed suspensions, or semi-solid mixtures under pressure to achieve one or more desired end results in terms of engineering properties. Grout differs from mortar since it is poured rather than … Read more
Gunite can be defined as a mortar made up of cement and sand that is transmitted by a gun. On a backing surface, it is pneumatically driven through a nozzle where high-velocity water is supplied. Guniting is the process of applying mortar or concrete under pneumatic pressure with a cement gun, resulting in highly strong … Read more
The mortar is a paste made by combining lime, surkhi, and water; or lime, sand, and water; or cement, sand, and water. The lime and cement act as binding materials, whereas the sand and surkhi prevent shrinkage and cracking during the setting process, giving the mortar its strength. Classification of Mortar The classification of mortar is … Read more
Mortar can be defined as a paste made by mixing fine particles (sand) and binding material (lime, cement etc) with water. Strength, establishment of a good connection with building components, and resistance to weathering are the primary features of hardened mortar, while mobility, placability, and water retention are the typical features of green mortar mixtures. … Read more
Mortar is defined as a paste (capable of setting and hardening) made by combining fine aggregates such as sand with binding material (clay, gypsum, lime or cement). Building mortars are mixtures used to bond bricks, stones, blocks, and other materials. In the construction industry, various types of mortar are used. Cement mortar is the most … Read more