The term commercial is generally applied to business-related activities or events where profit is the primary goal. It can also be applied to products or services used by businesses. A commercial building is a structure whose primary purpose is to be used for commercial activities. The best way to spot a commercial building is to … Read more
Composite Materials are made up of two materials, one of which is called the reinforcing phase and is made up of fibers, sheets, or particles, and the other is called the matrix phase and is embedded in the reinforcing phase. Metal, ceramic, or polymer can be used as the reinforcing and matrix materials. Reinforcing materials … Read more
Lime as Building Material Before the invention of portland cement, lime was used us the chief cementing material in the construction industry. Today, the use of lime has become very limited and is sometimes used in places where lime is locally available and the availability of portland cement is scarce. Lime is not available in … Read more
Traffic Volume Study Traffic Volume Study is defined as the survey of number of vehicles and pedestrians crossing section of road per unit during any selected period. Purpose Traffic Volume Study Establish relative importance of any road. Structural design of roads. Planning and design of new streets. Design of intersections and other control devices Planning, … Read more
Classification of Roads The classification of roads is mostly based on following conditions : According to traffic. According to transported tonnage. According to Importance. According to location and function. The classification of roads based on traffic volume or tonnage have been arbitrily fixed by different agencies and there may not be a common agreement regarding … Read more
What is Coning of Wheels in Railways ? The flanges of the wheels of railways are made in the slope of 1 in 20. This is termed as Coning of wheels. The tread of the wheels of a railway vehicle are not made flat, but sloped like a cone in order to enable these vehicles … Read more
Creep of Rail Creep of Rail is defined as a longitudional movement of rail with respect to sleeper. Rail have the tendency to gradually move in the direction of dominant traffic. The creep of rail is common to all railway tracks and its value varies from almost nothing in some cases to about 130 mm/ … Read more
Different Types of Buildings According to NBC India The National Building Code of India (1970) has classified the types buildings on the basis of their occupancy as follows : Group A : Residential Types of Buildings : The types of buildings in which sleeping accomodation is provided to the people for residing temporary or on … Read more
What is Water-Cement Ratio ? Water-Cement ratio means the ration between weight of water to the weight of cement used while preparing concrete mix. Water Cement ratio plays important role in developing the strength of concrete. The water-cement ratio is also responsible for the porosity of the hardened cement paste. Water cement ratio is stated … Read more
What are the Initial and Final Setting Time of Cement. Initial Setting Time of Cement. Initial setting time of cement is defined as the time elapsed between the moments when water is added to the cement to the time when the cement paste starts losing its plasticity. It can also be defined as the time … Read more